I. International Standards (Representativeness

Centered on the ISO 8655 series standards (" Piston Volumetric Instruments "), the parts related to pipette tips mainly regulate the performance requirements when pipette tips are used in conjunction with pipettes:

Capacity accuracy and repeatabilit

Clearly define the allowable error range of different specifications of pipette tips (such as 10μL, 100μL, 1000μL, etc.) under rated capacity and partial capacity. For instance, for a 100μL pipette tip, the systematic error (deviation) at the rated capacity is typically required to be ≤±2%, and the random error (coefficient of variation CV) should be ≤1%.

ing the suction and discharge processes needs to be verified through testing in conjunction with the calibrated pipette.

Physical properties

Sealing performance: The interface between the pipette tip and the pipette tip must fit tightly without any air leakage at the specified pressure to prevent volume deviation caused by air leakage.

he pipette tip is free of cracks, burrs, deformations, and the tip is undamaged, ensuring smooth liquid aspiration and no excessive liquid residue.

Compatibility: The interface size of the pipette tip must be compatible with the corresponding specification of the pipette to ensure firm installation and easy disassembly.

Chemical properties

Extract limitation: Through immersion testing, it is required that the content of soluble metal ions (such as lead, cadmium, zinc) and organic substances (such as plasticizers, residual monomers) in the pipette tip be below the limit value to avoid sample contamination or influence on experimental reactions (such as PCR, cell culture).

Chemical resistance: It is stable against common laboratory reagents (acids, bases, organic solvents, etc.), without dissolving, deforming or releasing harmful substances.

Biological safety (for sterile pipette tips

Pipette tips that have undergone sterilization treatment (such as gamma-ray sterilization) must meet aseptic requirements (such as no live bacteria and no pyrogens), and are suitable for scenarios such as cell culture and microbiological experiments.

Ii. Domestic Standards (Representativeness

GB/T 32190-2015 "Pipette Tips" : Formulated in reference to international standards, it is applicable to disposable pipette tips for laboratory use. The core requirements are basically consistent with ISO 8655, and have been refined in combination with domestic production and usage scenarios

Material: It is clearly preferred to use polypropylene (PP), and it should meet the standards of food grade or pharmaceutical grade materials to ensure chemical stability.

Appearance: It is stipulated that the surface of the pipette tip should be smooth, free of scratches and foreign objects, with a flat cut at the tip to prevent abnormal liquid residue or dripping.

Residual volume: For micro pipette tips (such as ≤10μL), the liquid residual volume should be ≤0.1μL to reduce errors when pipetting small volumes.

Packaging requirements: Sterile pipette tips must be packaged aseptically, and the integrity of the packaging must pass the test (such as negative pressure leakage test).

Iii. Additional Standards for Special Types of Pipette Tips

Filter cartridge pipette tips: The filter cartridge must have highly efficient barrier properties (such as preventing aerosol backflow), without affecting the liquid flow rate and volume accuracy. The filter cartridge material must be resistant to sterilization treatment (such as high-temperature resistance and radiation resistance).

Low adsorption tip: By surface treatment (such as siliconization), the adsorption rate of liquid is reduced. The adsorption rate of aqueous phase liquid should be ≤5% to ensure the recovery rate of trace liquids (such as DNA and protein solutions).

Large-capacity pipette tips (such as ≥5mL) : Additional pressure resistance performance needs to be tested to prevent the tip from breaking due to excessive internal pressure during liquid aspiration.